Kidney Cancer

Kidney cancer, also known as renal cancer, starts in the kidneys and can present with a range of symptoms. Early-stage kidney cancer may not cause noticeable symptoms, but as the disease progresses.

The following signs may appear:

Blood in Urine (Hematuria): Pink, red, or cola-colored urine due to blood. It may be intermittent and not always visible to the naked eye.
Persistent Pain in the Side or Lower Back: Pain that doesn't go away and isn't related to an injury or other known condition.
Lump or Mass in the Abdomen or Flank: A noticeable lump or swelling on one side of the abdomen or lower back.
Worsening indigestion or heartburn.
Coughing or hoarseness.
Unexplained Weight Loss: Sudden or significant weight loss without a clear reason.

Risk Factors:

1. Smoking: Tobacco use is a significant risk factor for kidney cancer.
2. Obesity: Excess body weight increases the risk of developing kidney cancer.
3. High Blood Pressure: Chronic hypertension may be associated with a higher risk.
4. Family History: Having a family history of kidney cancer or certain genetic conditions.
5. Chronic Kidney Disease: Conditions such as polycystic kidney disease can increase the risk.

Treatment:

1. Surgery: To remove the tumor or the affected kidney (nephrectomy).
2. Radiation Therapy: To target and kill cancer cells, usually used if surgery isn't an option.
3. Targeted Therapy: Drugs that target specific pathways involved in cancer cell growth.
4. Immunotherapy: Using the body's immune system to fight cancer cells.
5. Chemotherapy: Although less common for kidney cancer, it may be used in certain situations.